From my noob opinion, pre-amp is anything that you put between the HU and the amp.
So, it can be an electronic crossover or an equalizer.
Equalizer got 2 type. Parametric or graphic.
Parametric type is normally the one with knobs that looks like volume control. Graphic type is the one that have something that you can adjust up and down. The winamp eq is an example of a graphic equalizer. Each has it owns pro and cons. If you have the proper tuning equipment, the equalizer would be a great help. If not, or you're just a casual listener, you can save your money and not use pre-amp (EQ or X-Over) it at all.
However, i did saw one installation where the system consists of a touchscreen, a parametric eq and an amp. The touchscreen is a control centre of some sort, can't slot in CD, DVD, cassette or whatever(need to use a changer for that). So, to conviniently control the volume, the volume on the parametric eq was used. The remote can also be used to control the volume.