Brake pads with different specifications are required for different types of usage. Brake pads are broadly classified into four types:

1. Semi metallic: These brake pads are partially made of metal, where metallic concentration may be anywhere between 30% and 65%. Such a material typically includes metal wool (mostly steel wool), powdered iron or copper mixed with graphite or inorganic fillers, and a friction-enhancing material, that helps in tightly bonding all components. Brake pads of these materials are more durable, but they tend to wear down the rotor faster and are also noisy.
2. Non-Asbestos Organic (NAO): Also called organic pads, these are made of fibers of glass, carbon or rubber. As they are made of fibrous material, they are soft and silent while braking. But they don't last longer, as there is faster wear and tear in such a material.
3. Low-metallic NAO: This material for brake pads is derived from a simple organic type (NAO) of material, by mixing small quantities (no more than 30%) of copper or steel fibers. By doing this, there is improvement in heat transfer. But by introduction of metal, such brake pads tend to make more noise.
4. Ceramic: As the name suggests, ceramic fibers are the main components of the ceramic type of brake pads. Other vital components include bonding and filler material and small traces of metal, mostly iron. Ceramic brake pads cost more than any other type and are quieter and offer the best braking characteristics. The wearing down of the pads and the rotor is much less in this case.


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